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United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development The  United Nations Conference on Trade and Development  ( UNCTAD ) was established in 1964 as a permanent intergovernmental body. UNCTAD is the part of the  United Nations Secretariat  dealing with trade, investment, and development issues. The organization's goals are to: "maximize the  trade ,  investment  and development opportunities of  developing countries  and assist them in their efforts to integrate into the world economy on an equitable basis". UNCTAD was established by the  United Nations General Assembly  in 1964 and it reports to the UN General Assembly and  United Nations Economic and Social Council . [1] The primary objective of UNCTAD is to formulate policies relating to all aspects of development including trade, aid, transport, finance and technology. The conference ordinarily meets once in four years; the permanent secretariat is in Geneva.
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Cryptography - Wikipedia

Cryptography Cryptography  or  cryptology  (from  Ancient Greek :  κρυπτός ,  romanized :  kryptós  "hidden, secret"; and  γράφειν   graphein , "to write", or  -λογία   -logia , "study", respectively [1] ) is the practice and study of techniques for  secure communication  in the presence of third parties called  adversaries . [2]  More generally, cryptography is about constructing and analyzing  protocols  that prevent third parties or the public from reading private messages; [3]  various aspects in  information security  such as data  confidentiality ,  data integrity ,  authentication , and  non-repudiation [4]  are central to modern cryptography. Modern cryptography exists at the intersection of the disciplines of  mathematics ,  computer science ,  electrical engineering ,  communication science , and  physics . Applications...
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Cyber crime - Wikipedia

Cybercrime , or  computer-oriented crime , is a crime that involves a  computer  and a  network . [1]  The computer may have been used in the commission of a crime, or it may be the target. [2]  Cybercrimes can be defined as: "Offences that are committed against individuals or groups of individuals with a criminal motive to intentionally harm the reputation of the victim or cause physical or mental harm, or loss, to the victim directly or indirectly, using modern telecommunication networks such as Internet (networks including chat rooms, emails, notice boards and groups) and mobile phones ( Bluetooth /SMS/MMS)". [3]  Cybercrime may threaten a person or a nation's security and financial health. [4]  Issues surrounding these types of crimes have become high-profile, particularly those regarding  hacking ,  copyright infringement ,  unwarranted mass-surveillance ,  sextortion ,  child pornography , and  child grooming ....
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